Improvement in stone-channelling- machinery



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GEORGE J. WARDWELL, OF RUTLAND, VERMONT, ASSIGNOR TO STEAM STONE CUTTER COMPANY.

Letters Patent No. 90,325, dated .Ma/y 18, 1869; antcrlatezl J anua'ry 30, 1869.

IMPROVEMENT IN STONE-CHANNELLING- MACHINERY.

The Schedule referred to in these Letters Patent and makng part of the same.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, GEORGE J. WARDWELL, of Rutland, in the county of Rutland, and State of Vermont, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Stone -Ohannelling Machinery; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description thereof, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, making a part of this specification, in which- Figure 1, plate 1, is an eleva-tion of one side ol" the improved machine, as it appears when mounted upon a track, ready for operation.

Figure 2, plate 2, is au elevation of the front of' the' machine, representing one gang of cutters iu the act of ascending, and the other gang in the act of descending.

Figure 3, plate 3, is a top view of the bed of the machine, the channelling and feeding-devices, as seen by removing the steam-boiler, and engines.

Figure 4, plate 4, shows one of the cutter-standards in detail.y

Figure 5, plate 4, is a side View of one of the bearings of the crank-shaft.

Figures 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 1 5, 16, 17, plate 4, are views in detail of `the cutting-devices, and the parts which connect such devices to the crank-shaft.

A Similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts in the several figures.

This invention relates to certain novel improvements, which are generally applicable to machinery for producing channels or kerfs in the beds of stone quarries, preparatory to cutting under and removing large stones therefrom.

1t relates particularly to improvements on the stonerynarrying machinery for which Letters Patent of the United States were granted to me, bearing date respectively, on the 10th day of November, 1863, on the 28th day of November, 1865, and on the 24th day of September, 1867.

One objectof my invention is to improve the means hitherto used for operating the channelling-cntters of stone-quarrying machinery, by connecting the gangsI of reciprocating chisels to a crank-shaft, that receives motion directiy from an engine mounted upon the cutter-carrying carriage', by means of yielding-arms or rods, constructed and applied. in such manner that the shocks and concessions incident to the operation ot' cutting channels in stone,'shall not be communicated to the machinery which is used to support, guide, and

operate said cutters or chisels, as will be hereinafter described.

Another object is to provide for varying the length shaft, that when it is desired to stop the movements of either one of the gangs, it can be done without disconnecting such gang from its crank-pin or connectingarms, as will be hereinafter explained.

Another object of my invention is to utilize the crank-shaft of the engine for operating one or two gangs of chiselsfaud also for communicating a forward or backward feed-motion to the carriage upon its track, and to employ, in combination therewith, shiftinggearing and certain adjusting and locking-'devices therefor, which will enable the attendant, stationed on To enable others skilled in the art to understand my invention, I will describe its construction and operation.

In the accompanying drawingsy A represents the bed of the carriage or truck-frame, which I prefer to construct of bars and plates of wroughtiron, united together in a substantial manner.

Sl VS are the two rear transporting-wheels, which are keyed upon an axle, rl, and

g2 g2 are the front wheels, which are keyed tofan These wheels are anged like car-wheels, and adapted for travelling upon rails k2 k2, which are suitably 'secured to sleepers Wl Wl.

The axle o of the rear wheels has two bevel-Wheels` Ol O2, applied near the middle of its length, and fastened to the ends of a short hub, which hub has an annular groove uiade in its circumference, for receiving a tooth, n, that depends from a slide, F?, arranged transversely across the top of the bed A.

The hub of wheels 0l O2 is applied upon the axle r, by means of a key-tenori, so that while these wheels and hub will be carried around with this axle, they may be adjusted endwise thereon, by giving corresponding movements to the slide Fi.

This slide F2 is held down in place and guided by means of bearing-pieces 11" 11, to the upper ends of which upright hand-levers F F are pivoted the lower ends of which are attached loosely to the said slide F", so that by vibrating either one of `said levers F,- the gear-wheels O O2 can be moved endwise, whether their axle 'r be rotating or at rest.

For the purpose of locking the slide F2, and its attachment, in any desired position, I- use a'rocking-ban in iig. 14,

F3', having a tooth, j, upon its edge, vwhich tooth is adapted to enter one of these notches t' t' t', made in the edge of the slide F2.

The rocking bar has its end bearings in the pieces .F1 F1, and the handles G G are aiiixed to its extremities, for rocking it. 4

Between the two bevel-wheels O O2 is a bevel-pin ion, e, which is keyed 0n the rear end of a shaft, e, which extends forward and upward, to a point near 'the front end 0i' the machine, and is supported in suitable bearings e3 A3.

This shaft el carries on its front end a'spur-wheel, D3, which receives -rotation from a worm-screw, IV, upon a crank-shaft, D, whichY extends transversely across therbed A, and is supported in bearings upon standards O C Cl, that are secured firmly to the top of this bed A.

The crank-shaft D carries balance-wl'leels D D upon its extremities, and to'the crank D* ofV this shaft, between the standards C C, a pitman-rod is connected, which receives motion from the piston of an engine, A.,

The engine A4, boiler A2, feed-pump, steam-pipes, and appurtenances, are all mounted upon, and suitably secured downto the carriage-bed A, so as tomove with it; and said engine, boiler, and feed-pump, may be constructed in the usual, or any other suitable wellknown manner. l v

The drawings represent a horizontal engine and horizontal boiler, but I do not confine my invention to this form or kind of engine and boiler, as other forms and kinds may be adopted.

On each side of the bed A, and rigidly secured thereto,4 is a vertical standard, l5, which may be strengthened by means of braces B and B2, and which is perpendicular to the plane of the bed A, as shown in iig. 2.

Each one of these standards B is constructed with its lower end forked, and the edges of its upper portion parallel to each other, so .as to aii'ord guides for llocllrs, between which thechisels or cutters are con- Hitherto I have used, for each gang of cutters, two guide-plates or standards, one of which was secured rigidly to the side of the carriage-bed, and the other was hingedto the fixed one. 5

I now dispense with the hinged standards, and so construct a single standard that it atfords a good bearing ,andy guide for the chisel or `cutter-boxes, and does not occupy as muchspace laterally as the double standards, thereby. allowing the machine to be run mch closer to a bank than under the old arrangement.

Each gang of cutters, X X-X X, is coniinedA bevtween plates Q It near their upper ends, and plates O P near their lower ends.

. To prevent the cutters or chisels from slipping between said pairs of plates, I form serrations upon'the inner surface of one plate of each top pair, as -shown which fit into corresponding serrations formed onthe chisels X, as shown in iig. 17.

Both pair of plates are bolted together by trans-` verse bolts, which also serve to secure in place the plates' Sdi, that have their ends rabbeted, to receive the edges of the standard B, as shown in .figs 3, G, -and 15. f

To the rabbeted plate V of each gang of chisels X X, a box, b, is applied in a suitable manner, and

adapted for receiving loosely the ends of links b b, which are attached to the lower notched ends of arms `HH, .that form a pitman-connection between the plate Voi' each gang oi' chisels and the wrist-pin 11F, on face of the balance-wheel D on the crank-shait, as shown in tigs. 2, 7, 8, and l0. v

One of the arms H of each connect-ion is pivoted directly to the wrist-pin h3, and the other arm H is pivoten to this arm at y.' Thus 'the lower ends of the two arms H H may be extended or` brought together like a pair of tongues.

At the crotch, between each pair of arms. H H, a spring, h, of rubbep or other suitable material, is coniined inv a suitable manner, fo;` the purpose of preventing shocks and concnssionsbeing communicated to the wrist-pin h?, and other parts ofthe machine, om. either gang of chisels, during the operation of cutting channels in stone.

The wrist-pin h of each pair oi arms H H is applied toa plate, E, which is pivoted, at t, to the face oi' the balance wheel D, and again connecte i, at tf, te

said plate by means oi a'screw.

Several screw-holes, t2, are made through the balance-wheel D of each gang ot cutters, for receiving the sc1'ewtsteniug tl, andallowing the wrist-pin It", with itsplate E, y'to be adjusted nearer to or farther from the axis of the crank-shaft D, according to the length and force of stroke r-equired to give the said cutters, or chisels.

It' the wrist-pin 71 is thus adjusted, so that its axis coincidesv with' the axis of the crankshaft,it is obvions that there will be no motion communicated to the chisels of such wrist-pins. Consequently this aiords a ready means for stopping the motion of one gang of chisels when it is desired'to cut but one channel at a time.

In l0, plate 4, the fred lines indicate the wristpiu h adjusted so as to coincide with the axis of the crank shaft,.and in figs. 7 and 8, on the same plate, the wiist-pinjis indicated in a position, with respect to the'axis of the crank-shaft, for giving the greatest length of stroke to a gang of chisels or cutters.

Instead of having the wrist-pin aiiixed to a plate, .[il,

which isadjustable in the arcyof a circle, the wrist-pin may be affixed to a rectilinear plate, EX, as shown in fig. ll, which plate is constructed with a tenon, that fit-s into a radial groove made in the face of the balance-wheel, and is secured in place, after adjustment, by means of screws or other means. v

I -do not confine my invention to the precise con struction and arrangement as herein shown of the movable plate for adjusting the wrist-pin h2 nearer to or further from the axis of its balance-wheel, for shortening or lengthening the strokes of the chisels or cutters, as other means equivalent thereto may be adopted. i

When two gangs of chisels are used,..as shown in tigs. 2 and 3, and driven from the same crank-shaft, the wrist-pins h2 will be arranged on opposite sides of the axis ofthe shaft, s o that they will cause the two gangs to strike alternately, in the operation of chan- A nelling. v

It will be seen, by references to ligs.l3, 9, 6, and l5,

that each gang of chisels is composed of a number of narrow bars, with chisel-edges, and confined securely together, as a single plate, oi' clamping-plates, above described, and it will also be seen that each pair of said clamping-plates isv half slotted, so that they meet in a plane, passing cen- -trally through the gang'. Thus when wedges o are driven between said plates, to clamp the chisels edgewise, there will heno tendency to spread these plates apart. i

The operation of the machine is as follows:`

The rail-track is suitably adj usted upon the bed ot' the quarry upon the stone which it is desired to channel, and the machine mounted thereon, and motion is imparted to the crank-shaft Dl by admitting steam to the engine. ln the drawings, .the wrist-pin 11,2 on each balancewheel D, with itsgplate E, is supposed to be adjusted for giving the greatest length .oi' stroke, and the motion of the main crank-shaft, with its balance-wheels D D, is supposed to' be in the direction indicated by thea'rrows in figs. 1,1 T, and 8.

by means oi' the two pairs The attendant then engages one or the other of the wheels Ox O2 with the pinions e on shait e according as he may desire the machine to move forward 4or backward, and the Work of channelling instantly com mences. j

The motion of the two gangs of chisels is stopped by cutting'off the communication between the boiler and engine, and the advancing or retreating movements of the chisels and carriage can be stopped by adjusting the wheels O O2 so that neither one will engage with the wheel ye.

-The points of the cutters are supposed to rest on thestone bed 'or material to be channelled when the wrist-pin h2 is at the point directly under the centre of the crank-shaft, as shown in iig. 8, while the links b b occupy' a position nearly in a line with each other.

When the wrist-pin has travelled one-quarter of a revolution, (see tig. 10,) the weight of the gang of cutters causes said links to change their position in relation to each other, by drawing their inner ends downward,'and at the same time causing the lower end of the arms H H to approach each other, by which the spring h is compressed, thereby gradually overcoming the inertia of the said cutters, without subjecting the Wrist-pin h2 and other points of connection to sudden strain and shock.

Should the .wrist-pin receive a velocity less than that of the gravitating movements of the cutters, the links would be inlposition relative to each other from the time they were lifted from the material to be cut until they had returned to the same, and the points of the cutters would not strike the material to be cut with any great degree of force, as they would be arrested in their downward strokes by the wrist-pin. Therefore, in order to cause the gang of cutters to strike willi greater force, it is necessary that the wrist-pin should have a velocity greater than the gravitating movement-s of the cutters, in which case the position of the links' b b during the downward strokes will be reversed, and their inner ends will be highest, as shown in fig. 7 in black lines.

` The levers, descending faster than the gang of cutters, are relieved of weight, and the lower ends of these arms H H are forced apart by the rubber spring between them, and the inner ends of the links b b as surne their highest position, by which the lower ends of the arms H H are again drawn toward each other, and the spring compressed between them without prov dncing any strain or shock.

The flexibility-of a the link-connections and the elasticity of the spring between the arms H H-prevent the jar incident to the striking of the cutters upon the stone from being communicated to the wrist-pin and other parts of the machine. Both sides of the machineare constructed alike, with the wristepin so adjusted as to cause th'e stroke of the cutters to be given alternately.

l When the machine has moved upon its track as far i as may be required to make one or two channels, the

thus disengages one of the spur-wheels Ol from its pinion e, and engages the other wheel, O2, with this wheel. And when it is desired to stop the forward or backward movements of the machine, for supplying the boiler wit-h water, or for other reasons, the levers F are adjusted so that neither of the said spur-wheels will engage with the bevel-pinion e.

On the inner side of each plate O, horizontal serrations are made, for receiving the corresponding serrations on the plate V when the'plate is bolted in place, as shown in tig. 6. This mode of connecting the plates is very important, as it prevents `their displacement, and also relieves the bolts which connect them together' from transverse strain.

I do not claim, under thispatent, the broad invention of preventing shocks or recoils of the chisels upon the enginery employed for operating them by means of a spring-cushion; but

What I do claim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. The arms H H, links b b', and spring h, or their equivalents, constructed, applied, and` operating substantially as and for the purpose herein specified.

2. The combination of reciprocating gangs of channelling, or quarrying-chisels, applied to opposite sides of the carriage-bed A, a crankshaft, the yielding connecting-devices H H, b b, and h, and the engine mounted upon the carriage-bed A, all substantially as herein specilied.

3. rlhe forked standard-guide or guides B, applied toa stone-chambering machine, and adapted to serve as guides for the chisels, substantially as described.

stone-channelling chisels, guided and supported substantially as described, the adjustable plate, carrying the wrist-pin h2, substantially as herein specified.

5. The combination of the crank-shaft D, gangs of chisels, carriage of the machine, worm-screw D2, spnrgearing O O2, axle r, and transporting-wheels S, substantially as herein specified.

6. The shitting gearing O' O2, slide F2, and lockingbar F3, applied to a stone-channelling machine, and adapted to operate substantially as and forthe purposes described.

bolts and interlocking horizontal serrations, in combination with plate P, substantially as and forthe purpose described.

GEO. J. WABDWE'LL'.

Witnesses: I

O. CLARK, GEO. E. Royen.

attendant reverses the position of the levers F, and' 4. In combination with a reciprocating gang of wheell D, longitudinal shaft e', spur-wheel e, shifting 7. The plates V O, connected together by means of Y 

